Hydroplane.



S. E. BAILEY.

HYDROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 191;.

Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

msmom attorneys S. B. BAILEY.

HYDROPLANE.

ARRLIOATION IILEMMAY 1, 1911.

Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

4 SHEBTS-SHEET 2..

S. E. BAILEY.

HYDROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED: MAY 1, 1911' 1,080,407,, Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET s l i 1 mg:

' W Ihwemor wxtnesses I /M ha1 a v i ll v @QMMQ S. E. BAILEY.

HYDROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1911.

1,080,407., Patented De0.2,1913.

I lSHBETS-SHEBT I. ;:Zf%.4

I IIIHIIHII HIHMII I?! ml /67 6/ m 6/ 67 26 Bnventor Q (Ittormgs To all whom it may concern:

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL E. BAILEY, OF SQBANTOhI, PENNSYLVANIA.-

HYDROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented nee. 2, 1913.

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. BAImiY,

a subject of the King of Great Britain, re-

siding at Scranton,v in the county of Lackawanna and State ofPennsylvania, have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydroplanes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a. full, clear, and

exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same;

This invention' relates to improvements in hydroplanes, and has for an object the arrangement of improved means for controllin the air planes and water planes so that t 'ey may interact for assisting each other. Another object of the invention is the provision of stationary lifting planes, in combination. with lifting propellers and movable or adjustable lifting and guiding planes.

A still further object of the invention is the arrangement 'in a hydroplane, of propellingimeans and lifting means assoclated with a prime mover having connected therewith a speed changing device for causing the priine mover to nfove the propellers at vary ngspeeds as occasion may require, the propellers being associated with lifting and guiding-planes whereby the adjustability' of invention comprises certain novel construc-' the speed of the propellers is utilized.

With these and; other objects in view the tions, combinations, and arrangement of parts as vwillbe hereinafter more .fully described and claimed.

'In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fi 1. Fig. 3 is a rear view of'the structure s own in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a front view on an enlarged scale of a steering device. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 4. 6 is a top plan view of the clutch and operating rod, parts being removed to show the operation moreclearly. Fig. 7 isan enlarged fragmental detailed view showing means for connecting the water blade cords with the operating shaft. I

In constructing a hydroplane' embodying the invention it is aimed to secure the high est possible efliciency bycausing the various parts to operate properly and to cause the same to co-act so that one art will assist the other. When the device s being used in which action on the water lift or elevate "traction wheels, but the traction thereof 'is reduced by the action of the air on all of the air planes as well as on the water planes,

' so that a minimum' amount of power is needed to move the machine. When'the machine is used in the air the stationary air planes of course are brought into operation.

as well as the lifting propellers. These means are suflicient to lift and sustain the machine properly in the air but in order to cause a proper utilization of all possible power the water planes are connected with the adjustable air planes and are caused to act against the air. In this way the various planes always assist each other in'any special function which the individual planes are intended to-perform. The remaining features of thedevice are also connected up with the planes and various mechanism so as to coact for securing the best possible results by causing each part to help the other'memhere in the performance of their respective functions.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood an embodiment of the same is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which 1 indicates a plurality of traction wheels preferably three in number,.two

an ample support for the device when fioating on the water, but not resenting an unnecessary heavy construction when the device is used as an airship. Mounted on frame 3 is a prime mover 6 of any desired kind which'conveys power through a chain 7 to a sprocket wheel 8. Sprocket'wheel 8 is rigidly connected with shaft 9 which shaft is mounted on the floats '5 and which carries at its rear end a propeller 10 adapted to operate in the -water for propelling the device along when used in the water. It will be, of course evident that "the air propellers l1 and 12 may also be used for propelling the device when in the water desired. In order to minimize the friction of the floats against the water a' lurality of front planes 14 are provided, an also a plurality of rear planes 15. The rear planes are connected to a pivotally mounted arm 16 which has rigidly secured thereto a cross arm 17. Cross arm 17 is connected at its ends with cables 18 and 19 which cables are connected with the opposite ends of arm 20. Arm 20 is rigidly secured to a bell crank lever structure 21 having arms 22 and 23. Arms 22 and 23 are connected to the opposite ends of planes 14 by cables 24 and 25. By this construction and arrangement whenever arm 23 is moved both the front and rear planes are moved in the same direction, and for the same distance so that they act in unison for assisting in lifting or guiding the device to the surface of the water. A controlling arm or rod 26 is provided which connects the planes 14 with shaft 27 through a suitable crank connected with. the shaft, whereby whenever the shaft 27 is operated the adjustable planes will be moved.

In order to properly guide the device through vthe water and in the air a rudder 31' is provided which extends below floats 5 so as to engage the-water when the device is floating thereon, The rudder 31 is Pivoted planes are stationary and areheld properly. '1n place by suitable bracesand connecting bars associated with frame 3. Near the front of the frame 3 is arranged-a cross frame 41 which carries upper planes 42, and lower planes 43. Planes 42, 43, 39 and 40' are all; held stationary in respect to frame 3, but are set at such an angle to the horizontal. as to properly engage the air when the device is' properly'balanced. Arranged in frame fibetween the sides ofplanes 42 are a. pair of adjustable planes-29 and 30 which may be adjusted simultaneously or independently.

The independent adjustment of these planes will cause the device to swerve to one side and if maintained at different angles will cause the device to circle." The planes 29 and 30 are pivotally mounted upon a shaft 44, and are controlled by rods 45 and 46, which rods extend downward and are connected with shafts 27 and 47 respectively.

In order that thev shafts 47 and 27 respectively may be rotated in unison or independently of one another I provide a. mecha:-

nism'as shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5. of the drawing. Upon each of the shafts 27 and 47 is a beveled gear 48 which meshes with a companion gear 49 mounted upon a vertical shaft 50 rising from the ends of the shafts 27 "and47 respectively. The upper ends of the shafts 50 are reduced to receive a sliding clutch and gear 51, and the shoulder formed by the reduced portion is notched to receive the clutch of the sliding gear 51. The upper ends of the reduced portions 52 of the shafts 5O carry a hand wheel 53 the function of which is to rotate either of the shafts 50 independently of the other, but as it is necessary to raise the clutch 51 from engagement with the shaft sliding clutches 51 so as to permit vertical movement of the gears carried by the clutches 51 and at the same time havin the gears intermesh. The construction 0 shafts 50, sliding clutches I51, and gears is identical in both cases, and it is seen that by depressing either of the levers 54 the sliding clutch controlled thereby. will be.

raised from engagement with the shaft 50 supportin the same which in turn frees the shaft 50 cm the-operation of the restof the gears which in practice permits one of the the planes-29"or 30 to be moved in a direction opposite to the other. Thehand wheel 28 is securedto a shell having the sprocket wheel 60 adjacent the lower end thereof, and said shell is intended to operate about a shaft or standardhl secured to the base 62 which inturn is securedto the frame of the machine in any desired manner. ''The hand wheel 59 and-gear 58 are-niountedon the 'upper end of theshaft or standard 61. It

is obvious from the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 that the ruddermay'be operated by the hand wheel 28 and car 60, that several planes may be operate by. the shafts 47 and 27 respectively, through the bev- .eled gears 48' and 49, shafts 50, and sliding is secured to the vertical sha ts 81 and 82 is mounted in hearings in the frame, and car;

ries-spur gears 64 and 65 which are of unequal size, and secured to the rear end of the shaft are the pulleys 66 which transmit power through the belts 67 to pulleys 68, on

one of the shafts 69 or 70 respectively, said higher altitude of the atmosphere;

shafts being mountedin bearings carried by the frame and supporting the propellers 12 and 13. Arranged to meshwlth the spur gears 64 and 65 are the companion gears 71 and 72 which are loosely mounted upon a shaft 73 .parallel to the shaft of the driving motor. The gear wheels 71. and 72 are held against longitudinal movement on the shafts by collars, and between said gears is a slidin clutch 7 4 adapted to. engage with one or t e other of the gears in the extreme movement of the clutch 74 in either direc tion. Clutch 74 is 'splined to the shaft having a longitudinal movement thereon, and is controlled by a longitudinally slidablebar 75 mounted in a bearing 7 6 carried by the frame, said bar carrying a yoke 77 engaging the annular groove in said clutch. Shaft 73 is mounted in bearings 7 8 carried by the frame, and secured tothe shaft adj acent to each of the bearings is a beveled ear 7 9 meshing with a companion ear 80 w ich respectively which in turn are mountedin bearings carried by'the frame of the machine. Secured to the upper ends ofthe. shafts 81 and 82.are the propellers 83 and J 84 respectively which are adapted to be used in assisting the machine to rise from the ground or to maintain its elevation when traveling at a slow speed, andalso assisting when alighting. Y

The forward part of the frame in advance of the operators seat is provided with a wind. shield which is arranged to assist in maintaining the elevation of the machine when in flight, and also to protect the o erator from severe cold incident to the It is seen from the foregoing that the machine is capable of rolling alon the ground,

navigating the air, and also oating upon the surface of a body of water, and that .the device can be easily launched either from the land orthe surface of a body of water. When the device is desired. to be raised from the ground it is evident that the same will roll upon theground until the desired ve-.

' locity is attained. The resistance on the air .of the several planes will cause the device.

to rise, in the event it is desired to raise the machine in a limited space the propellers which in turn acts as a helicopter assisting the planes in raising the device. When it is desired to raise or launch the machine upon the surface of a body of water the propellers 83 and 84. may be rotated the planes 14, 15, 29 and 30 being inclined so as'to offer a resistance on the water and cause the same to rise therein, and as the machine is advanced and the required velocity is attained the machine will leave the water and soar 'into the air and by the'transmission gears it is seen that the propellers 83 and 84 may be run at any speed desired, as in the case where it is not desired to raise the machine materially but only assist in maintaining the elevation in the event of the machine travelch ne-in any desired elevation.

What I claim is:

1. In adevice of the character described, a frame, a plurality of fixed air engaging planes arranged near the front of said planes arranged near the rear of said frame, a plurality of pivotally mounted water engaging planes arranged near the front of said frame, a plurality of pivotally mounted water engaging planes arranged near the rear of said frame, a pair of pivotally mounted air engaging planes, means for independently shifting the angle of said pivotally mounted air engaging planes, means engagingplanes together for shifting the angle thereof simultaneously, means connecting said water engaging planes with one of said pivotally mounted air engaging planes permitting all x of said pivotally mounted planes to be shifted simultaneously, propelling means, and guiding means.

. 2. An air ship comprising a frame, proelling means mounted. on. said frame, a fixed lifting plane, a pair of' pivotally mounted planes, an adjusting rod connected with each of said planes for adjusting the position thereof, a pair of rotatable shafts,

adjusting rod for movingthe same, a hand operated shaft operatively connected with each of said shafts for rotating the same, 'a gear wheel rigidly connected with said hand said gear wheelsQhand operated means. for rotating said. idler. whereby both of said gear wheels are rotated for shifting the position of said planes simultaneously, and -means for disconnecting one of said gear wheels from its hand operated shaft for permittin said lanes to have the angle thereof shi d in ependently.

88 and-84 may be rhtated at a high speed ing slower than is necessary to keep the mafor connecting said pivotally. mounted an operated shaft, an idler engaging both of- 3. In a steering and controlling means 'for airships, a pair of shafts having crank arms frame,- a plurality of fixed air engaging means for connecting the shaftswith said of an airship, of gears thereon, meshing with shafts.

thereon and connection with movable planes register with clutch faces on said parallel companion gears on a pair of parallel shafts, In testimony whereof I afiix my signature clutch members carried by said parallel in presence of two witnesses.

shafts, gears carried by said clutch members SAMUEL E. BAILEY. and arranged to mesh with an idler, a hand Witnesses: wheel carried by each of the gears, and W. W. BAYLOR,

means to throw the clutch members out of L. P. WEDEMAN. 

